Nikitenko V.N. Perestroika and economy in the history of Russia

Abstract

The article examines the state of the USSR economy during the period of perestroika. The reasons for the start of perestroika and the main economic reforms of that time are studied. An assessment of the impact of perestroika on the economic development of Russia is given. An analysis of the obtained results and conclusions was made to identify the causes of the economic collapse. The object of the study is the economy of the perestroika era, the subject of the study is economic trends and problems in the period under review. The purpose of this study is to analyze the period of perestroika in the history of Russia from the point of view of economic transformations and their consequences. Analysis of statistical and scientific literature was chosen as the main research method. The presented results present a complex picture of the period of perestroika in the Soviet Union under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev. Reforms aimed at moving from a centralized economy to a market model have encountered numerous problems and provoked a variety of reactions from researchers. Following the general idea of the study, it should be determined that perestroika turned out to be a complex and controversial political strategy, which was partly due to Gorbachev’s indecisiveness, as well as to the unfavorable world economic situation and the inability of the planned economy of the USSR to reform. As a result, perestroika led to complex consequences for the country and the world as a whole. The novelty and practical significance of this study lies in the fact that the appeal to new views and ideas of modern theorists in the field of studying the economy during perestroika made it possible to determine the analysis of established assessments of the phenomenon of perestroika as a whole.